Summary tables of entities and HTML special characters

As you know the entity is a particular form of encoding used in HTML to identify the special characters independently from the keyboard and operating system you are using. The first definition of the entity have been introduced in the HTML version 2.0, later in 3.2. For this and many other reasons is not the place to discuss here, not all browsers support all of the entity.

Those who carry on the next page are tables summarizing the main entities and other special characters that can be useful when developing applications for the web, especially when dealing with multilingual versions of HTML interfaces. The tables come from a British website that I missed any reference, if anyone had a chance to trace the source I would be happy to be able to quote.

HTML Character Entities

Useful?	Entity Encoding	Looks Like	Explanation of Symbol
			no-break space
	¡	¡	inverted exclamation mark
	¢	¢	cent sign
	£	£	pound sterling sign
	¤	¤	general currency sign
	¥	¥	yen sign
	\|	\|	broken (vertical) bar
	§	§	section sign
	Is	Is	Umlaut (dieresis)
	©	©	copyright sign
	ª	ª	ordinal indicator, feminine
	"	"	angle quotation mark, left
	¬	¬	not sign
	-		soft hyphen
	®	®	registered sign
	¯	¯	macron
	°	°	degree sign
	±	±	plus-or-minus sign
	²	²	superscript two
	³	³	superscript three
	'	'	acute accent
	μ	μ	micro sign
	¶	¶	pilcrow (paragraph sign)
	·	·	middle dot
	¸	¸	cedilla
	¹	¹	superscript one
	º	º	ordinal indicator, masculine
	»	»	angle quotation mark, right
	¼	¼	fraction one-quarter
	½	½	fraction one-half
	¾	¾	fraction three-quarters
	¿	¿	inverted question mark
	À	À	capital A, grave accent
	Á	Á	capital A, acute accent
	Â	Â	capital A, circumflex accent
	Is	Is	capital A, tilde
	Ä	Ä	capital A, dieresis or umlaut mark
	Å	Å	capital A, ring
	Æ	Æ	capital AE diphthong (ligature)
	Ç	Ç	capital C, cedilla
	It	It	capital E, grave accent
	It	It	capital E, acute accent
	Ê	Ê	capital E, circumflex accent
	It is	It is	capital E, dieresis or umlaut mark
	Ì	Ì	capital I, grave accent
	Í	Í	capital I, acute accent
	Î	Î	capital I, circumflex accent
	Ï	Ï	capital I, dieresis or umlaut mark
	Ð	Ð	capital Eth, Icelandic
	Ñ	Ñ	capital N, tilde
	Ò	Ò	Capital O, grave accent
	Ó	Ó	Capital O, acute accent
	Ô	Ô	Capital O, circumflex accent
	Õ	Õ	Capital O, tilde
	Ö	Ö	capital O, dieresis or umlaut mark
	×	×	multiply sign
	Ø	Ø	Capital O, slash
	Ù	Ù	capital U, grave accent
	Ú	Ú	capital U, acute accent
	Û	Û	capital U, circumflex accent
	Ü	Ü	capital U, dieresis or umlaut mark
	Ý	Ý	capital Y, acute accent
	Þ	Þ	capital THORN, Icelandic
	ß	ß	small sharp s, German (sz ligature)
	A	A	small a, grave accent
	á	á	small a, acute accent
	â	â	small a, circumflex accent
	ã	ã	small a, tilde
	ä	ä	small a, dieresis or umlaut mark
	å	å	small a, ring
	æ	æ	small ae diphthong (ligature)
	ç	ç	small c, cedilla
	is	is	and small, grave accent
	is	is	and small, acute accent
	ê	ê	and small, circumflex accent
	ë	ë	and small, dieresis or umlaut mark
	ì	ì	small i, grave accent
	í	í	small i, acute accent
	î	î	small i, circumflex accent
	ï	ï	small i, dieresis or umlaut mark
	ð	ð	small eth, Icelandic
	ñ	ñ	small n, tilde
	ò	ò	or small, grave accent
	ó	ó	or small, acute accent
	ô	ô	or small, circumflex accent
	õ	õ	or small, tilde
	ö	ö	or small, dieresis or umlaut mark
	÷	÷	divide sign
	ø	ø	small or, slash
	ù	ù	small u, grave accent
	ú	ú	small u, acute accent
	û	û	small u, circumflex accent
	ü	ü	small u, dieresis or umlaut mark
	ý	ý	small y, acute accent
	þ	þ	small thorn, Icelandic
	ÿ	ÿ	small y, dieresis or umlaut mark

Controls and Basic Latin

Useful?	Entity Encoding	Looks Like	Explanation of Symbol
	"	"	quotation mark, apl shares
	&	&	ampersand
	<	<	less-than sign
	>	>	Greater-than sign

Mathematical, Greek and Symbolic characters for HTML

Widely Supported	Entity Encoding	Looks Like	Explanation of Symbol
	ƒ	ƒ	latin small f with hook
	Α	Α	greek capital letter alpha
	Β	Β	greek capital letter beta
	Γ	Γ	greek capital letter gamma
	Δ	Δ	greek capital letter delta
	Ε	Ε	greek capital letter epsilon
	Ζ	Ζ	greek capital letter zeta
	Η	Η	greek capital letter eta
	Θ	Θ	greek capital letter theta
	Ι	Ι	greek capital letter iota
	Κ	Κ	greek capital letter kappa
	Λ	Λ	greek capital letter lambda
	Μ	Μ	greek capital letter mu
	Ν	Ν	greek capital letter nu
	Ξ	Ξ	greek capital letter xi
	Ο	Ο	greek capital letter omicron
	Π	Π	greek capital letter pi
	Ρ	Ρ	greek capital letter rho
	Σ	Σ	greek capital letter sigma
	Τ	Τ	greek capital letter tau
	Υ	Υ	greek capital letter upsilon
	Φ	Φ	greek capital letter phi
	Χ	Χ	greek capital letter who
	Ψ	Ψ	greek capital letter psi
	Ω	Ω	greek capital letter omega
	α	α	greek small letter alpha
	β	β	greek small letter beta
	γ	γ	greek small letter gamma
	δ	δ	greek small letter delta
	ε	ε	greek small letter epsilon
	ζ	ζ	greek small letter zeta
	η	η	greek small letter eta
	θ	θ	greek small letter theta
	ι	ι	greek small letter iota
	κ	κ	greek small letter kappa
	λ	λ	greek small letter lambda
	μ	μ	greek small letter mu
	ν	ν	greek small letter nu
	ξ	ξ	greek small letter xi
	ο	ο	greek small letter omicron
	π	π	greek small letter pi
	ρ	ρ	greek small letter rho
	ς	ς	greek small letter final sigma
	σ	σ	greek small letter sigma
	τ	τ	greek small letter tau
	υ	υ	greek small letter upsilon
	φ	φ	greek small letter phi
	χ	χ	greek small letter those
	ψ	ψ	greek small letter psi
	ω	ω	greek small letter omega
	θ	θ	greek small letter theta symbol
	Υ	Υ	greek upsilon with hook symbol
	π	π	greek pi symbol

General Punctuation

Widely Supported	Entity Encoding	Looks Like	Explanation of Symbol
	•	•	bullet, small black circle
	...	...	horizontal ellipsis, three dot leader
	'	'	first, minutes, feet
	"	"	double first, seconds, inches
	~	~	overline, spacing overscore
	/	/	fraction slash

Letterlike Symbols

Widely Supported	Entity Encoding	Looks Like	Explanation of Symbol
	℘	℘	script capital P, p Weierstrass
	ℑ	ℑ	blackletter capital I, imaginary part
	ℜ	ℜ	blackletter capital R, real part symbol
	™	™	trade mark sign
	ℵ	ℵ	alef symbol, first transfinite cardinal

Arrows

Widely Supported	Entity Encoding	Looks Like	Explanation of Symbol
	←	←	leftwards arrow
	↑	↑	upwards arrow
	→	→	rightwards arrow
	↓	↓	downwards arrow
	↔	↔	left right arrow
	↵	↵	downwards arrow with corner leftwards (carriage return)
	⇐	⇐	leftwards double arrow
	⇑	⇑	upwards double arrow
	⇒	⇒	rightwards double arrow
	⇓	⇓	downwards double arrow
	⇔	⇔	left right double arrow

Mathematical Operators

Widely Supported	Entity Encoding	Looks Like	Explanation of Symbol
	∀	∀	for all
	∂	∂	partial differential
	∃	∃	there exists
	∅	∅	empty set, null set, diameter
	∇	∇	nabla, backward difference
	∈	∈	element of
	∉	∉	not an element of
	∋	∋	contains as member
	Π	Π	n-ary product, product sign
	Σ	Σ	n-ary sumation
	-	-	minus sign
	*	*	asterisk operator
	√	√	square root, radical sign
	α	α	proportional to
	∞	∞	infinity
	∠	∠	angle
	∧	∧	logical and, wedge
	∨	∨	logical or, vee
	∩	∩	intersection, cap
	∪	∪	union, cup
	∫	∫	integral
	∴	∴	Therefore
	~	~	tilde operator, per day varies with, similar to
	≅	≅	Approximately equal to
	≈	≈	Almost equal to, asymptotic to
	≠	≠	not equal to
	≡	≡	identical to
	≤	≤	less-than or equal to
	≥	≥	Greater-than or equal to
	⊂	⊂	subset of
	⊃	⊃	superset of
	⊄	⊄	not a subset of
	⊆	⊆	subset of or equal to
	⊇	⊇	superset of or equal to
	⊕	⊕	circled plus, direct sum
	⊗	⊗	circled times, vector product
	⊥	⊥	up tack, orthogonal to, perpendicular
	⋅	⋅	dot operator

Technical Miscellaneous

Widely Supported	Entity Encoding	Looks Like	Explanation of Symbol
	⌈	⌈	left ceiling, apl upstile
	⌉	⌉	right ceiling
	⌊	⌊	floor left, apl downstile
	⌋	⌋	right floor
	<	<	left-pointing angle bracket, bra
	>	>	right-pointing angle bracket, ket

Geometric Shapes

Widely Supported	Entity Encoding	Looks Like	Explanation of Symbol
	◊	◊	lozenge

Miscellaneous Symbols

Widely Supported	Entity Encoding	Looks Like	Explanation of Symbol
	♠	♠	black swords suit
	♣	♣	black club suit, shamrock
	♥	♥	black heart suit, valentine
	♦	♦	black diamond suit

Latin Extended-A

Widely Supported	Entity Encoding	Looks Like	Explanation of Symbol
	Œ	Œ	latin capital ligature oe
	œ	œ	latin small ligature oe
	Š	Š	latin capital letter s with caron
	š	š	latin small letter s with caron
	Ÿ	Ÿ	latin capital letter y with diaeresis

Spacing Modifier Letters

Widely Supported	Entity Encoding	Looks Like	Explanation of Symbol
			modifier letter circumflex accent
	~	~	small tilde

General Punctuation

Widely Supported	Entity Encoding	Looks Like	Explanation of Symbol
			en space
			em space
			thin space
		‌	zero-width non-joiner
		‍	zero width joiner
			left-to-right mark
			right-to-left mark
	-	-	en dash
	-	-	em dash
	'	'	left single quotation mark
	'	'	right single quotation mark
	,	,	single low-9 quotation mark
	"	"	left double quotation mark
	"	"	right double quotation mark
	"	"	double low-9 quotation mark
	†	†	dagger
	‡	‡	double dagger
	‰	‰	per mille sign

Portions © International Organization for Standardization 1986. Permission to copy in any form is for use with conforming SGML Granted systems and applications as defined in ISO 8879, provided this notice is included in all copies.

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